A major cause of type 2 diabetes is obesity, in which fat cells expand rapidly, in both size and number, and their...
Originally shared by Manuela Casasoli
A major cause of type 2 diabetes is obesity, in which fat cells expand rapidly, in both size and number, and their oxygen demand outstrips supply. This low-oxygen state, known as hypoxia, leads to upregulation of the anti-hypoxic protein HIF-1α, which in turn causes tissue inflammation and prevents fat cells (adipocytes) from responding normally to insulin. Hypoxia in expanding fat is often thought of mainly as a problem of supply, caused by the inability of blood vessels that deliver oxygen to grow as fast as the surrounding tissue. Writing in Nature Metabolism, Seo et al. highlight a pathway by which excessive oxygen consumption in adipocytes can also contribute to hypoxia in expanding fat tissue. This pathway involves the enhanced activity of the enzyme adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2) in energy-generating organelles called mitochondria.
Seo et al. (2018) Knockdown of ANT2 reduces adipocyte hypoxia and improves insulin resistance in obesity: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-018-0003-x
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07248-6
A major cause of type 2 diabetes is obesity, in which fat cells expand rapidly, in both size and number, and their oxygen demand outstrips supply. This low-oxygen state, known as hypoxia, leads to upregulation of the anti-hypoxic protein HIF-1α, which in turn causes tissue inflammation and prevents fat cells (adipocytes) from responding normally to insulin. Hypoxia in expanding fat is often thought of mainly as a problem of supply, caused by the inability of blood vessels that deliver oxygen to grow as fast as the surrounding tissue. Writing in Nature Metabolism, Seo et al. highlight a pathway by which excessive oxygen consumption in adipocytes can also contribute to hypoxia in expanding fat tissue. This pathway involves the enhanced activity of the enzyme adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2) in energy-generating organelles called mitochondria.
Seo et al. (2018) Knockdown of ANT2 reduces adipocyte hypoxia and improves insulin resistance in obesity: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-018-0003-x
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07248-6
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