SciTech Digest - 16/2017.
SciTech Digest - 16/2017.
Permalink here: http://www.scitechdigest.net/2017/04/creating-negative-mass-solar-water.html
Creating negative mass, Solar water harvesting, CRISPR diagnostics, Complex 2D microchips, Complex cellular biocomputers, Cellular reprogramming for Parkinson’s, Generative adversarial networks, Prototype magnonic device, Chatbots that empathise, Adaptive robotic grasping.
1. Creating Negative Mass
An experimentally verified physical system exhibiting properties of negative mass has been achieved by cooling a Bose-Einstein condensate to a superfluid state and using a second laser to change the spin of atoms; pushing the system results in it accelerating backwards https://news.wsu.edu/2017/04/10/negative-mass-created-at-wsu/.
2. Solar Powered Water Harvesting
Porous metal-organic framework materials have been configured such that any suitable heat or light source causes the material to remove and condense water from the air, even at very low humidity levels http://news.mit.edu/2017/MOF-device-harvests-fresh-water-from-air-0414. 1 kg of material would be able to provide approximately 3 liters of water from dry air with only 20% humidity.
3. CRISPR Diagnostics
A modified CRISPR enzyme that targets and cleaves RNA has been developed into the SHERLOCK diagnostics platform for rapid point-of-care testing for specific viruses, bacteria, and other relevant mutations http://news.mit.edu/2017/scientists-unveil-crispr-based-diagnostic-platform-0413. CRISPR is also being used to mine bacterial genomes for pharmaceuticals https://news.illinois.edu/blog/view/6367/486265.
4. Complex 2D Microchip
The most complex two-dimensional microprocessor chip with more than 100 transistors has been demonstrated from the three-atom thick material molybdenum disulfide http://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/devices/the-most-complex-2d-microchip-yet.
5. Cellular Biocomputers with Logic Circuits
New synthetic biology tool BLADE uses DNA-recombinase enzymes to function as molecular logic gates in human cells, and currently demonstrating over 100 different Boolean logic functions for regulating gene activity based on environmental cues https://singularityhub.com/2017/04/12/scientists-hacked-a-cells-dna-and-made-a-biocomputer-out-of-it/.
6. Cellular Reprogramming for Parkinson’s
New cellular reprogramming techniques manipulate an animal’s cells in vivo and in tests in mice appear to convert one type of cell (brain support cell in this case) into a dopamine producing cell to reverse Parkinson’s symptoms https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2017/04/cellular-reprogramming-approach-reverses-parkinsons-symptoms-in-a-mouse-model/.
7. Generative Adversarial Networks
Generative Adversarial Networks pit two neural networks against one another in order to come up with much better and more accurate solutions than either would be able to do so on their own and might one day deliver forms of unsupervised learning https://www.wired.com/2017/04/googles-dueling-neural-networks-spar-get-smarter-no-humans-required/.
8. Prototype Magnonic Device
Competing with conventional prototype spintronics devices, a prototype magnonic device has been demonstrated that instead manipulates oscillating spin-waves that travel throughout magnetic materials without requiring electric currents http://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/devices/move-over-spintronics-here-comes-magnonics-to-the-rescue-of-electronics.
9. Chatbots that Empathise
Chatbots have been developed that assess the emotional content of a user’s text and can respond appropriately by conveying specific emotions https://www.technologyreview.com/s/604157/emotional-chatting-machine-assesses-your-emotion-and-copies-it/.
10. Adaptive Robotic Grasping
Soft Robotics has a new adaptive grasping system able to handle arbitrarily-shaped objects with uneven surfaces http://www.roboticgizmos.com/soft-robot-adaptive-grasping/ - this modular robotic gripped could benefit a range of different robotics platforms.
Permalink here: http://www.scitechdigest.net/2017/04/creating-negative-mass-solar-water.html
Creating negative mass, Solar water harvesting, CRISPR diagnostics, Complex 2D microchips, Complex cellular biocomputers, Cellular reprogramming for Parkinson’s, Generative adversarial networks, Prototype magnonic device, Chatbots that empathise, Adaptive robotic grasping.
1. Creating Negative Mass
An experimentally verified physical system exhibiting properties of negative mass has been achieved by cooling a Bose-Einstein condensate to a superfluid state and using a second laser to change the spin of atoms; pushing the system results in it accelerating backwards https://news.wsu.edu/2017/04/10/negative-mass-created-at-wsu/.
2. Solar Powered Water Harvesting
Porous metal-organic framework materials have been configured such that any suitable heat or light source causes the material to remove and condense water from the air, even at very low humidity levels http://news.mit.edu/2017/MOF-device-harvests-fresh-water-from-air-0414. 1 kg of material would be able to provide approximately 3 liters of water from dry air with only 20% humidity.
3. CRISPR Diagnostics
A modified CRISPR enzyme that targets and cleaves RNA has been developed into the SHERLOCK diagnostics platform for rapid point-of-care testing for specific viruses, bacteria, and other relevant mutations http://news.mit.edu/2017/scientists-unveil-crispr-based-diagnostic-platform-0413. CRISPR is also being used to mine bacterial genomes for pharmaceuticals https://news.illinois.edu/blog/view/6367/486265.
4. Complex 2D Microchip
The most complex two-dimensional microprocessor chip with more than 100 transistors has been demonstrated from the three-atom thick material molybdenum disulfide http://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/devices/the-most-complex-2d-microchip-yet.
5. Cellular Biocomputers with Logic Circuits
New synthetic biology tool BLADE uses DNA-recombinase enzymes to function as molecular logic gates in human cells, and currently demonstrating over 100 different Boolean logic functions for regulating gene activity based on environmental cues https://singularityhub.com/2017/04/12/scientists-hacked-a-cells-dna-and-made-a-biocomputer-out-of-it/.
6. Cellular Reprogramming for Parkinson’s
New cellular reprogramming techniques manipulate an animal’s cells in vivo and in tests in mice appear to convert one type of cell (brain support cell in this case) into a dopamine producing cell to reverse Parkinson’s symptoms https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2017/04/cellular-reprogramming-approach-reverses-parkinsons-symptoms-in-a-mouse-model/.
7. Generative Adversarial Networks
Generative Adversarial Networks pit two neural networks against one another in order to come up with much better and more accurate solutions than either would be able to do so on their own and might one day deliver forms of unsupervised learning https://www.wired.com/2017/04/googles-dueling-neural-networks-spar-get-smarter-no-humans-required/.
8. Prototype Magnonic Device
Competing with conventional prototype spintronics devices, a prototype magnonic device has been demonstrated that instead manipulates oscillating spin-waves that travel throughout magnetic materials without requiring electric currents http://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/devices/move-over-spintronics-here-comes-magnonics-to-the-rescue-of-electronics.
9. Chatbots that Empathise
Chatbots have been developed that assess the emotional content of a user’s text and can respond appropriately by conveying specific emotions https://www.technologyreview.com/s/604157/emotional-chatting-machine-assesses-your-emotion-and-copies-it/.
10. Adaptive Robotic Grasping
Soft Robotics has a new adaptive grasping system able to handle arbitrarily-shaped objects with uneven surfaces http://www.roboticgizmos.com/soft-robot-adaptive-grasping/ - this modular robotic gripped could benefit a range of different robotics platforms.
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